ࡱ> PROq` RWbjbjqPqP+]::h$&T.VVV .0." " "D D D D D D $^hB91 D D 1 1 D D kkk1 D D k1 kkkD  RVk00kdkk D "f k~  D D D XD D D 01 1 1 1 ......... IlSыR{|͋Gl05 --sXOb͋Gl 21N~ z Agenda 21 the international plan of action adopted by governments in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro Brazil]̑~ ,  provides the global consensus on the road map towards sustainable development NLusXe World Environment Day (June 5th each year) NLusXe;N World Environment Day Themes sXCSt^ LRweg'T2000 The Environment Millennium - Time to Act bQe0Wt1\/fbQe*geg1999 Our Earth - Our Future - Just Save It! :NN0Wt Nvu}T bQebNvwm m!1998 For Life on Earth - Save Our Seas! :NN0Wt Nvu}T1997 For Life on Earth bNv0Wt0E\OO0W0[V1996 Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home VEuirY7h'`e International Biodiversity Day (29 December) NLu4le World Water Day (22 March) NLulae World Meteorological Day(23 March) NLuwm me World Oceans Day (8 June ) TTVsXNSU\'YOsS'YO United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) sS'YOO Summit Session of UNCED TTVsXĉRr United Nations Environment Programs UNEP 2000t^hQtsXU\gbJT GEO-2000; Global Environmental Outlook 2000 eQ  hQt500sOVY be elected to the rank of Global 500 Roll of Honor TTVN{|E\OO-N_ UN Center for Human Settlements (UNCHS) 9eUN{|E\OOsXgsOOVY Best Practices in Human Settlements Improvement NNuirWeHh Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme (UNESCO) -NV21N~ z China s Agenda 21 -NVuirY7h'`ObLRR China Biological Diversity Protection Action Plan -NVN~~r] zĉR China Trans-Century Green Project Plan V[sXOb;`@\ State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) -NVsOW,ge China s guiding principles for environmental protection ZWcsXObW,gVV{ adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection cLSc~SU\beu pursue the strategy of sustainable development /{_~Nm^0WaN^0sX^ TekĉR0 Tek[e0 TekSU\ N Tek ve carry out a strategy of synchronized planning, implementation and development in terms of economic and urban and rural development and environmental protection (the  three synchronizes principle) Oۏ~NmSO6RT~NmXe_vlS promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth [s~NmHev0>yOHevTsXHevv~N bring about harmony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection -NVsOW,g?eV{ the basic policies of China s environmental protection 2:N;N02l~Tv?eV{ policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control algbv?eV{  the-polluters-pay policy :_SsX{tv?eV{ policy of tightening up environmental management NcSh?eV{ policy of  One Order, Two Goals :  Nc 12y]Nalgirvc>eϑc6R(WV[ĉ[vc>e;`ϑ The total discharge of 12 industrial pollutants in China by the end of 2000 shall not exceed the total amount mandated by the central government.;  Sh  1. 0R2000t^^ hQV@b gv]Nalgn0RV[b0Weĉ[valgirc>ehQ The discharge of industrial pollutants should meet both national and local standards by the end of 2000. 2. 0R2000t^^ 47*N͑pW^vzzlT0Wb4l0RV[ĉ[vsX(ϑhQ 2. Air and surface water quality in all urban districts in 47 major cities should meet related national standards by the end of 2000. [eyv[LsXq_Tċ0O conduct environmental impact assessments (EIA) on start-up projects cؚhQlsOaƋ raise environmental awareness amongst the general public gYݏSsOlĉHhN investigate and punish acts of violating laws and regulations on environmental protection sOgblhg environmental protection law enforcement inspection Pglt undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time -NV]ReQvVElQ~ international conventions into which China has accessed c6RqSi^irXlySvQYnv]^X\lQ~ Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal sQNm'lB\ir(vyr)R\[fN Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer uirY7h'`lQ~ Convention on Biological Diversity 2lR oSVElQ~ Convention to Combat Desertification lPSSFhglQ~ United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change u`:y:S eco-demonstration region; environment-friendly region V[~u`:y:Sswm Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region V[~VgW^ Nationally Designated Garden City [4l(Tzzl(ϑvq_T impact on the quality of the water and the air ltsXalg curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control wm mostly in polluted waters) ]NVSO^ir industrial solid wastes }vralg white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics) SMN!k'`QXe throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags >e\'`^eyX[ accumulation of radioactive waste g:galgir organic pollutants 0lSir0 7x0^lc>e cyanide, arsenic, mercury discharged Ŕ0I0mQN lead, cadmium, sexivalent chromium W^W>We[SYts decontamination rate of urban refuse W>WkXW:W refuse landfill W>WqSS refuse incinerator 2bkǏ^)R(uhg protect forests from overexploitation hg xOs rate of deforestation 4lWAm1Y water and soil erosion WXvxS soil alkalization QokYu pesticide residue 4lWOc conservation of water and soil u`QN environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture 4lDnOb:S water resource conservation zone wm4lmS sea water desalinization ObsZty0~hgTnNDn protect coral reefs, mangrove and fishing resource ~SVyV turn the country green hQlINR ihe National Tree-Planting Day g] z afforestation project ~Sby afforested areas; greening space hgvs forest coverag*, <>txl&n&,,,,z-|-.4==t@v@x@@@@@NNNNNtOvOPܻmm#hO4hWKHOJQJ^JaJo(hO4hWKHaJ hWaJo(hcCJOJQJaJhcCJaJ hc<o( hco(hcCJOJQJhc5B*CJ$\aJ$phUhcH*aJo( hcaJo( hcaJhcB*CJ aJph"hcB*CJ OJPJaJo(ph**,n&x4r@v@x@@@@NVVVVVVVVVVVVVWh]h&`#$dJ$a$$a$VWe 2Θg wind breaks 2lg sand breaks ug fast-growing trees MNODnms slow down the rate of resource degradation _SSQuDn develop renewable resources sONT environment-friendly products 6qOb:S nature reserve ΑuR iir wild fauna and flora ObuX[sX conserve natural habitats oqSΑuRir endangered wildlife szoqSiryA~W0W rare and endangered species breeding center 6qu`|~ natural ecosystems 2bkl oSll0bl desertification sXw carrying capacity of environment N^~T)R(u multipurpose use of three types of wastes HQ)YNT)Y W ONsX nature-nurture SsX landscaping design for environmental purposes 2bklwm0W&^ NSlv`S protect coastal zones from irreversible degradation sXv`S environmental degradation W^S1Yc uncontrolled urbanization )nqWQN subsistence agriculture +Vvv`'`_s vicious cycle of poverty 'YlvKm|~ atmospheric monitoring system zzlalgSm^ air pollution concentration x0Xzzlalg acid rain and transboundary air pollution N'lSkxc>e sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions `nm|ir suspended particles ]N|\c>e industrial dust discharged p\c>e soot emissions N'lS.l nitrate dioxide (NO2) wirqedq0wl0)Y6ql fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas nmn clean energy }lf>\lc>e motor vehicle exhaust >\lQShV exhaust purifier eŔ}ll lead-free gasoline )Y6ql}lf gas-fueled vehicles 5uR}lf cell-driven vehicles; battery cars /llp CFCs )n[He^ greenhouse effect S\<\WS_ ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation) jV noise R db; decibel Sf['lϑaϑ4lalg z^vN*Nch CODchemical oxygen demand uir'lϑ BOD; biological oxygen demand ]N^4lYts treatment rate of industrial effluents W^al4lYts treatment rate of domestic sewage Ɩ-NYtS centralized treatment plant ~no red tide (rapid propagation of sea algae  la (uhl 10lPy{| q\0WlP mountainclimate R`Θ constantwind _Θ breeze Qc[c[ΘlP wintermonsoonclimate Θ headwind SΘ typhoon c[ΘlP monsoonclimate ؚlS high-pressure b frontaledge Np&^lP sub-tropicalclimate lV airmass pjm heatwave ؚSlP plateauclimate 5u lightning fog wmnlP littoralclimate Q cool  frost g0WlP polarclimate X snowdrift 2 dew p&^lP tropicalclimate [Q chilly 30Θv Ty )n&^l olP temperatedesertclimate Gk intermittentrain eΘ calm )n&^r^qlP temperatearidclimate 'Y heavyrain {Θ lightbreeze p&^c[ΘlP tropicalmonssonclimate OΘ tradewind _Θ gentlebreeze 'YFlP continentalclimate )Ylb weatherforecast TΘ moderatebreeze l olP desertclimate u welcomerain nΘ freshbreeze lwmlP coastalclimate Qg icicle :_Θ strongbreeze ؚ0WlP highlandclimate SΘ northwester uΘ neargale wm mlP marineclimate 0Wb_ localrains 'YΘ gale hglP forestclimate rΘ squall pΘ stronggale )n&^lP temperateclimate c[ rainyseason rΘ storm nmlP humidclimate 薹p raindrops fΘ violentstorm )n&^ISlP temperategrassyclimate NSOΘ northeasttrades ӘΘ hurricane p&^薗glP tropicalrainyclimate NWSΘ southeaster SΘ typhoon p&^wm mlP tropicalmarineclimate Θ~ windscale wSΘ tornado 20la(u y rainbow 40jmv Ty \ lightrain 5 shower s^Y calm kk drizzle,finerain uΘ gustywind _l rippled S8^)Yl freakishweather le cyclone _jm smoothwavelets SΘ northwind lS barometricpressure ~jm lightseas Q ice 4)Y cloudyday \jm moderateseas Qp freezingpoint ꖱ snowflake -Njm roughseas WSΘ southwester tf clear 'Yjm veryroughseas Q\ coldfront zΘ favorablewind :_jm highseas NOlS low-pressure p)Yl muggyweather ]jm veryhighseas ϑ rainfall hail rjm monsterwaves NSΘ northeaster thunder 506q~p[ NΘ eastwind nl'Y downpour kpq\0W volcanicearthquake pp scorchingheat f warmfront wmxU tidalwave ΘWalgv gsQl_ :NS_c~SU\Sb NNW@x0 China has stipulated and revised the relevant laws on water air and solid waste pollution, laying the foundation for achieving sustainable development. %Ob0WtsX-N{|qQ gv[V0 Protect the earth's environment -- the homeland of all mankind. %ObsXƋk*NlQv#NNINR0 Protecting the environment is every citizen's responsibility and moral duty. %[sXvsQl]~b:NNy NSlvSSnoAm0 The attention to environment issue has become an irreversible historical trend. %R[d}Yu`sX^0 Practical measures need to be taken to improve the environment. %]S^l0al4lc>e0R2000t^^_{&{Tc>ehQ0 All factories must meet discharge standards by the end of 2000. %0R2010t^ bVS6RbkWaNsXvv`S0 By 2010, our country expects to curb environmental deterioration in the cities and villages. %:NNMQ4xOW萯sX g_[0W:Sv~Nm_SN^ۏL%NLRin%'/1?RVWns <>?ABGKPRVhjy{  #'8:EFKOabhipt')7=GNWYegvz   25BDOScfsu{ )-?ALRjmz| %);=FHY[gi~  *,7:HL[]moyz    & ( . 0 ; ? K O Q V h r }!!!!!!,"E""""""">#@#D#T###e$f$h$h$j$j$k$k$m$n$p$q$s$t$$$36qr  hj  *,!!e$g$h$h$j$j$k$k$m$n$p$q$s$t$$$3sss3s3333e$g$h$h$j$j$k$k$m$n$p$q$s$t$$$h$h$j$j$k$k$m$n$p$q$s$t$$$cW@f$f$lf$f$4 $&4UnknownGz Times New Roman5Symbol3& z Arial;ўSOSimHei;[SOSimSun 1hi flf#oBoB!-!),.:;?]}    & 6"0000 0 0 00000 =@\]^([{  0 0 00000;[BdV$V$KX?W2szx BillgatesOh+'0l\    $ 0<DLTNormal Billgates20Microsoft Office Word@@\|@HIJKLMNQTRoot Entry F0zhqS@1Table/WordDocument+]SummaryInformation(DocumentSummaryInformation8GCompObjm  FMicrosoft Office Word ĵ MSWordDocWord.Document.89qOh+'0l\    $ 0<DLTNormal Billgates20Microsoft Office Word@@\|@